The Kouklitas – Art Dolls with a Gothic Narrative

New York based artist Andrew Yang hand-makes these strange little dolls – named Kouklitas after the Greek word for doll koukla – out of muslin and hand paints their faces. There are different ranges of dolls, including a more commercial ‘Editorial’ line based on the collections of major fashion houses like Givenchy and Lanvin. Cooler and creepier are the ‘Collection’, which features a range of whimsical characters that look like they’ve been transported out of the stories of the Brother’s Grimm. Each doll has a name and, best of all, a narrative explaining who she is and how she came to be. The Gothic origin stories are often based in post-civil war New Orleans.

Of the Clora and Clarice doll (pictured above):

Cora and Clarice, Clarice and Cora. This set of unique twins was born in ante-bellum New Orleans to Irish immigrant parents Cieran and Cara McCarthy, who were reportedly barely making ends meet as music teachers. Before they were out of the crib the wonder twins were proficient in the violin and piano. Eventually they toured Europe; after their famous Dresden performance in a family induced interpretation of an opera ballet version of Swan Lake, their fame and wealth were cemented. Both girls maintained dozens of lovers, but they were always shared. Shortly after the twins settled in London at the peak of their careers, a certain Harold Hartfordshire blatantly favored Clarice, the more timid of

the girls. After Mr. Hartfordshire was found brutally murdered in his York estate, Clarice shocked the world with her confession implicating her sister, therefore herself, in the horrible crime. They were tried and hung, and are noted to be “the first publicly executed set of conjoined twins.”

If you don’t fancy any of the collection dolls, Yang also creates custom dolls. But do they come with their own personal histories?

Image from the Koulitas website

Noah Webster – 'Father' of the American Copyright System

Noah Webster is best known for his role in cementing a distinct American culture through his changes to English language conventions and spelling following the American Revolution. Webster believed in that in order to prosper as an independent nation, America needed to embrace a culture distinct from its British colonial roots. He set about contributing to this by adapting the spelling of common words and including around 12,000 new words into his dictionary, which is now the standard in use across the USA. Major grammar and spelling changes attributed to Webster include changing most words with an -our ending in British spelling (i.e. honour) to an -or spelling in America (i.e. honor); he also changed most -ise word endings (i.e. apologise) to have -ize endings (i.e. apologize).

Although Webster borrowed liberally from the popular British-convention dictionaries of his time, once he had created and published his own opus, he wanted to protect his intellectual property. Webster was mainly concerned with publishers who, at the time, were permitted to reprint entire books without seeking the permission of the author and without providing them with any compensation.

In the 1700s the Federal government of the United States did not hold a lot of oversight over laws in the various states and the area of copyright was no exception. As such, when he began campaigning for copyright protection for his books, he was told he would have to seek protection in each independent state. In large part, due to his campaigning, under the new American constitution passed in 1789, the Federal government was granted greater oversight over the states, which enabled it to pass the first Federal copyright act one year later.

Webster continued to work for better copyright legislation for the rest of his life. His efforts were rewarded in the 1830-1831

congressional session … [when] the new law granted protection of the author or his heirs for 28 years, with the right of renewal for another 14 years. (source)

This new law remained in effect until 1909, long after Webster’s death.

Unlike current copyright legislation, which tends to be driven by big industry and is often enacted against the individual, Webster’s vision of copyright was one that protected artists against the publishing industry, which sought to profit off their work without compensating them. Webster’s law does not address or consider punishing individuals who seek to share and use intellectual property for non-profit purposes. As one source notes, Webster “might with more justice be termed the “father of royalties,” as he was one of the first to exact payment from his publishers according to the number of books they printed or that he licensed to them.” (source)

I wonder how Webster would feel about the various copyright battles being fought around the world today?

Image Credit: Noah Webster engraving via Wikipedia Commons

Eccentric Torments – The Glass Delusion

I am in the thick of reading Brian Dillon’s excellent book Tormented Hope: Nine Hypochondriac Lives. There is an interesting passage on an imagined affliction I’ve never heard of before:

In the history of such eccentric torments, none is stranger or more instructive than the so-called ‘glass delusion’. From the late Middle Ages onwards, this remarkably specific and consistent notion appears time and again in the literature on melancholia and hypochondria. The patient, as the reader will have surmised, fantacies that he or she is made of glass, either in part or in whole. (In a series of related delusions, patients may imagine that they have lost limbs, that they have been turned into animals, that they are dead, that they do no exist or, as in the case of an unforuntae baker who was afraid to go near his oven, that they are made of butter.) This has predicatable consequences: the ‘glass man’ fears for his physical safety, avoiding not only hard knocks but in some cases any touch at all from another person, as well as such delicate operations as sitting or lying down. The broad outlines of the delusion – imagining that one is made of a brittle

substance – were not unknown to antiquity: classical accounts of earthenware men abound, but the spread of glass in the Early Modern period brought with it the possibility of thinking oneself made of less sturdy stuff …

The book features famous hypochondriacs including Darwin, Florence Nightengale, Charlotte Bronte and Andy Warhol, with a particular focus on the specific kind of craziness so completely epitomized by the Victorians. It’s a very interesting read.

Image: Broken Glass by Davetoaster

Hard Men/Soft Deaths – Wyatt Earp

Despite the expression “what comes around, goes around” there are a group of outlaws who had surprisingly soft endings, despite having lived extremely hard, dangerous and, in most cases, crime ridden lives.

During his eighty years of life, Wyatt Earp earned the reputation as one of the most fearsome cowboys in the West. Fluctuating between legitimate lawmaker and criminal, Earp’s claim to fame is his participation in the famous gunfight at the OK Corral in Tombstone, Arizona and his ongoing series of vendettas, most notably the Earp Vendetta, also referred to as the Arizona war. At various points in his career, Earp also worked as a “farmer, teamster, buffalo hunter, gambler, saloon-keeper, minder and boxing referee.” (source)

There are conflicting records

of how many people Earp killed during his wild old days, but there are some records that place the number somewhere between eight and over thirty (source):

  • Seattle Post-Intelligencer, July 1900: “Wyatt Earp is credited with ten men, one of them his own brother-in-law.”
  • G. W. Caldwell in the introduction to his interview with Wyatt, 1888: “[Wyatt Earp] Has killed more than a dozen stage robbers, murderers, and cattle thieves.”
  • Los Angeles Tribune, July 1888: “[Wyatt] Earp has a cemetery which he has stocked with over 30 men, and no one seemed desirous of questioning his word.”

Despite his life of debauchery, Earp had a rather peaceful death in Hollywood where, at the age of 80, he died at home of prostate cancer (though the actual cause of death isn’t confirmed) with his common law wife at his side. He had a proper funeral with Hollywood Western actors serving as his pallbearers and was cremated and buried in California. When his wife Josie died nearly twenty years later, she was also cremated, her ashes buried next to those of Wyatt Earp. He never returned to Arizona after the battle at the OK Corral.

Image Credit: Richard Beal’s Blog

Dark Keepsakes – The Hollywood Legend Edition

On June 26th and 27th insanely rich fans of celebrities including Marilyn Monroe and Christopher Reeve will be able to pick up some collectibles at an auction just announced by Julien’s. Happening at Planet Hollywood in Vegas, eager bidders will be able to fight one another for some pretty insane ephemera. The more obvious stuff includes:

  • Tony Soprano’s bottle of Xanax
  • Christopher Reeve’s Superman costume (cape, bodysuit and tights)
  • Mel Gibson’s shield, sword and costume from Braveheart
  • The earrings Kate Winslet wore in Titanic
  • Mia Farrow’s nightgown from Rosemary’s Baby

The auction also boasts some items of the creepy, more personal variety such as Marilyn Monroe’s own bottle of Channel #5, pieces of her clothing, an x-ray of her chest and

her therapist’s couch. Many of these items come to auction by way of the estate of her late therapist, Dr. Ralph Greenson, which I’m guessing will earn a tidy penny from the proceeds. Apparently, Greenson didn’t earn enough from his long list of celebrity clients while he was alive, leaving his descendants feeling the need to pick the carcass clean (that’s sarcasm, by the way):

In 1960, Marilyn Monroe began seeing Los Angeles psychoanalyst Dr. Ralph R. Greenson at the recommendation of her New York therapist, Marianne Kris. Greenson had worked with many Hollywood celebrities including Vivien Leigh, Frank Sinatra and Tony Curtis. Dr. Greenson started working with her when she started her work on the movie “Misfits”. As life got more complicated and her relationship with Arthur Miller changed and things progressed Monroe saw Greenson up to five or six times a week at his Santa Monica home office. (Source)

Image: Marilyn, Richard Avedon from amalanos